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Category Archives: Microbiology

Become part of a research project about zombie ants!

21 Saturday Dec 2013

Posted by sedeer in Arthropods, Disease, Hymenoptera, Insects, Microbiology

≈ 4 Comments

Tags

Ant, ants, biology, Coryceps, crowd funding, fungus, manipulation, microbes, Microryza, mind control, Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, Parasitism, Popular science, Research, science, science and society

zombie ant fungus (Photo credit: pennstatenews)I’ve written about mind-controlling parasites and I’ve also written about ants a couple of times, but for some reason I still haven’t written about the famous “zombie ants“. These fascinating, macabre little wonders are ants that have been infected by a fungus (Ophiocordyceps unilateralis) which manipulates their behaviour. The fungus makes the ant climb up at plant stalk and bite into the underside of a leaf, clinging to it in a death grip. The fungus then kills the ant, consuming its innards before sending a reproductive stalk out through the corpse’s head.

I recently found out about an exciting research project looking into how the fungus manages its manipulation of the ant. Charissa de Bekker, a post-doc at Penn State University, is using Microryza to crowdfund her project, which will investigate what genes are active in the fungus’ manipulation of the ant. Since I think it’s an awesome project, I invited her to answer a few questions about herself and her work. Read on to find out what she has to say, and if you think the project sounds interesting or useful, consider backing it on Microryza — she’s got 11 days left to reach her goal! Continue reading →

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The pan-genome of Emiliania huxleyi

28 Friday Jun 2013

Posted by sedeer in Genetics, Microbiology

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Tags

algae, biology, bloom, Ehux, Emiliania huxleyi, Genome, Popular science, science, Species, White Cliffs of Dover

Under certain conditions, Emiliania huxleyi can form massive blooms which can be detected by satellite remote sensing. What looks like clouds in the water, is in fact the reflected light from billions of coccoliths floating in the water-column. Landsat image from 24th July 1999, courtesy of Steve Groom, Plymouth Marine Laboratory. This bloom attracted considerable coverage in the UK media. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)Emiliania huxleyi has more going for it than just a beautiful name. Despite being only a few millionths of a millimeter in size — about a tenth of the thickness of a human hair — this unicellular alga has a major impact on our planet. Blooms of E. huxleyi, which can cover more than 100,000 square kilometres of ocean, are visible from space and affect the global climate; the concerted impact of all the cells in the bloom influences carbon and sulphur cycles and even changes how much light the Earth reflects. Under an electron microscope, E. huxleyi cells reveal their striking, alien beauty; encased in tiny plates called coccoliths, they look like strange spaceships or escape pods. E. huxleyi lives throughout the world’s oceans, from the warm tropics to the subarctic seas, and these plates underlie its remarkable impact on the planet’s climate and geology.
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An amazing critter with seven sexes!

29 Friday Mar 2013

Posted by sedeer in Genetics, Microbiology

≈ 8 Comments

Tags

biology, Mating type, Popular science, science, sex, Tetrahymena, Unicellular organism

The lovely Tetrahymena thermophila. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)If you’ve never heard of Tetrahymena thermophila, your world is about to get much stranger.  This little beauty, a single-celled creature that’s been at the heart of many major discoveries, has seven sexes that can mate with each other!  In a paper just published in PLoS Biology, a team of scientists have described the intricate dance of DNA editing and rearrangement which determines the sex of a new T. thermophila.

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The bacteria that make it rain

24 Monday Sep 2012

Posted by sedeer in Bacteria, Microbiology, Plants

≈ 13 Comments

Tags

biology, Bioprecipitation, Cloud, Ice, Ice crystals, Ice nucleus, Nucleation, Popular science, science, Water cycle

Thundercloud (image courtesy of Hannele Luhtasela-El Showk)Strange as it may seem, water doesn’t actually freeze at zero degrees. In fact, even at temperatures as cold as -10°C, water still needs help turning into ice. Living creatures of all stripes have learned to take advantage of this curious fact in different ways, though none have done so with quite as much style as bacteria. Continue reading →

Excessive hygiene lets the immune system run amok

29 Thursday Mar 2012

Posted by sedeer in Bacteria, Immunology, Microbiology

≈ 8 Comments

Tags

Allergy, animals, Asthma, biology, colitis, Health, Hygiene Hypothesis, Immune system, Mouse, Popular science

Since moving to Finland, I’ve become accustomed to asking guests whether they have any allergies before I prepare dinner.  I grew up in the developing world where allergies and asthma seem to be much less common than they are here; in fact, various studies have found higher rates of allergy and autoimmune conditions in developed than developing countries.  One explanation for this is the “hygiene hypothesis“, which proposes that excessive hygiene early in life can affect the development of the immune system and result in allergic conditions and autoimmune diseases in later life. In a recent study appearing in Science, a team of scientists in Germany and the United States present evidence supporting the hygiene hypothesis and the importance of an early challenge to the immune system.
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